Testing 7.7 - Revision history

Cmosconi: /* ICAR IDF Guidelines for Body Condition Scoring (BCS) */

2026-03-11T13:49:19Z

ICAR IDF Guidelines for Body Condition Scoring (BCS)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:49, 11 March 2026
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	\|0.25 (17)		\|0.25 (17)
	\|Palpation/Visual		\|Palpation/Visual
	\|Ferguson et al. (1994)<ref~~>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https:~~/~~/doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref~~>		\|Ferguson et al. (1994)<ref name="Ferguson1994"/>
	\|-		\|-
	\|Multiple		\|Multiple

Cmosconi: /* BCS Scoring Systems and Their Diversity */

2026-03-11T13:48:25Z

BCS Scoring Systems and Their Diversity

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:48, 11 March 2026
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	* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.		* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.
	* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes.<ref name="Earle1977">Earle, D., Grainger, C., & McGowan, A. (1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23-26.</ref>.		* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes.<ref name="Earle1977">Earle, D., Grainger, C., & McGowan, A. (1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23-26.</ref>.
	* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref name="Widman1982">Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </~~ref~~> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.		* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref name="Widman1982">Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref name="Ferguson1994">Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref name="Ferguson1994"/> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.
	* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.		* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.

Cmosconi at 12:44, 11 March 2026

2026-03-11T12:44:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:44, 11 March 2026
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	\|1 (5)		\|1 (5)
	\|Palpation/Visual		\|Palpation/Visual
	\|Wildman et al. (1982)<ref>Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https:/~~/doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref~~>		\|Wildman et al. (1982)<ref name="Widman1982"/>
	\|-		\|-
	\|United States		\|United States

Cmosconi: /* BCS Scoring Systems and Their Diversity */

2026-03-11T12:44:12Z

BCS Scoring Systems and Their Diversity

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:44, 11 March 2026
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	* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.		* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.
	* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes.<ref name="Earle1977">Earle, D., Grainger, C., & McGowan, A. (1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23-26.</ref>.		* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes.<ref name="Earle1977">Earle, D., Grainger, C., & McGowan, A. (1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23-26.</ref>.
	* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref>Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.		* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref name="Widman1982">Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.
	* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.		* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.

Cmosconi at 12:35, 11 March 2026

2026-03-11T12:35:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:35, 11 March 2026
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	* '''0-5 scale''': Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes <ref>Jefferies, B. C. (1961). Body condition scoring and its use in management. Tasmanian Journal of Agriculture, 32, 19–21.</ref> and adapted for beef cattle by Lowman et al. (1973) <ref>Lowman, B. G., Scott, N., & Somerville, S. (1973) Condition scoring of cattle. Bulletin No.6. East of Scotland College of Agriculture, Edinburgh (United Kingdom) </ref>.		* '''0-5 scale''': Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes <ref>Jefferies, B. C. (1961). Body condition scoring and its use in management. Tasmanian Journal of Agriculture, 32, 19–21.</ref> and adapted for beef cattle by Lowman et al. (1973) <ref>Lowman, B. G., Scott, N., & Somerville, S. (1973) Condition scoring of cattle. Bulletin No.6. East of Scotland College of Agriculture, Edinburgh (United Kingdom) </ref>.
	* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.		* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.
	* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes.<ref>Earle, D., Grainger, C., & McGowan, A. (1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23-26.</ref>.		* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes.<ref name="Earle1977">Earle, D., Grainger, C., & McGowan, A. (1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23-26.</ref>.
	* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref>Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.		* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref>Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.
	* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.		* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.
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	\|0.5 (15)		\|0.5 (15)
	\|Visual		\|Visual
	\|Earle et al. (1977)<ref name="~~https://wiki.icar.org/index.php/Testing_7.7#cite_ref-4~~"/>		\|Earle et al. (1977)<ref name="Earle1977"/>
	\|-		\|-
	\|United States		\|United States

Cmosconi at 12:26, 11 March 2026

2026-03-11T12:26:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:26, 11 March 2026
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	* '''0-5 scale''': Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes <ref>Jefferies, B. C. (1961). Body condition scoring and its use in management. Tasmanian Journal of Agriculture, 32, 19–21.</ref> and adapted for beef cattle by Lowman et al. (1973) <ref>Lowman, B. G., Scott, N., & Somerville, S. (1973) Condition scoring of cattle. Bulletin No.6. East of Scotland College of Agriculture, Edinburgh (United Kingdom) </ref>.		* '''0-5 scale''': Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes <ref>Jefferies, B. C. (1961). Body condition scoring and its use in management. Tasmanian Journal of Agriculture, 32, 19–21.</ref> and adapted for beef cattle by Lowman et al. (1973) <ref>Lowman, B. G., Scott, N., & Somerville, S. (1973) Condition scoring of cattle. Bulletin No.6. East of Scotland College of Agriculture, Edinburgh (United Kingdom) </ref>.
	* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.		* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.
	* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes.<ref>~~JEarle~~, D., Grainger, C., & McGowan, A. (1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23-26.</ref>.		* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes.<ref>Earle, D., Grainger, C., & McGowan, A. (1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23-26.</ref>.
	* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref>Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.		* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref>Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.
	* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.		* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.
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	\|0.5 (15)		\|0.5 (15)
	\|Visual		\|Visual
	\|Earle et al. (1977)<ref name="https://wiki.icar.org/index.php/Testing_7.7#~~cite_note~~-4"/>		\|Earle et al. (1977)<ref name="https://wiki.icar.org/index.php/Testing_7.7#cite_ref-4"/>
	\|-		\|-
	\|United States		\|United States

Cmosconi: /* BCS Scoring Systems and Their Diversity */

2026-03-11T12:24:26Z

BCS Scoring Systems and Their Diversity

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:24, 11 March 2026
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	* '''0-5 scale''': Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes <ref>Jefferies, B. C. (1961). Body condition scoring and its use in management. Tasmanian Journal of Agriculture, 32, 19–21.</ref> and adapted for beef cattle by Lowman et al. (1973) <ref>Lowman, B. G., Scott, N., & Somerville, S. (1973) Condition scoring of cattle. Bulletin No.6. East of Scotland College of Agriculture, Edinburgh (United Kingdom) </ref>.		* '''0-5 scale''': Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes <ref>Jefferies, B. C. (1961). Body condition scoring and its use in management. Tasmanian Journal of Agriculture, 32, 19–21.</ref> and adapted for beef cattle by Lowman et al. (1973) <ref>Lowman, B. G., Scott, N., & Somerville, S. (1973) Condition scoring of cattle. Bulletin No.6. East of Scotland College of Agriculture, Edinburgh (United Kingdom) </ref>.
	* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.		* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.
	* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) <ref ~~name="https://wiki~~.~~icar~~.~~org/index~~.~~php/Testing_7~~.~~7#cite_note~~-4"/>.		* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes.<ref>JEarle, D., Grainger, C., & McGowan, A. (1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23-26.</ref>.
	* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref>Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.		* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref>Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.
	* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.		* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.

Cmosconi: /* BCS Scoring Systems and Their Diversity */

2026-03-11T12:21:53Z

BCS Scoring Systems and Their Diversity

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:21, 11 March 2026
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	* '''0-5 scale''': Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes <ref>Jefferies, B. C. (1961). Body condition scoring and its use in management. Tasmanian Journal of Agriculture, 32, 19–21.</ref> and adapted for beef cattle by Lowman et al. (1973) <ref>Lowman, B. G., Scott, N., & Somerville, S. (1973) Condition scoring of cattle. Bulletin No.6. East of Scotland College of Agriculture, Edinburgh (United Kingdom) </ref>.		* '''0-5 scale''': Used in the UK and Ireland, developed by Jefferies (1961) for ewes <ref>Jefferies, B. C. (1961). Body condition scoring and its use in management. Tasmanian Journal of Agriculture, 32, 19–21.</ref> and adapted for beef cattle by Lowman et al. (1973) <ref>Lowman, B. G., Scott, N., & Somerville, S. (1973) Condition scoring of cattle. Bulletin No.6. East of Scotland College of Agriculture, Edinburgh (United Kingdom) </ref>.
	* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.		* '''1-10 scale''': Used in New Zealand, developed by Roche et al. (2004) <ref> Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</ref>.
	* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) <ref~~> Earle, D~~.~~, Grainger, C~~.~~, & McGowan, A~~. ~~(1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia)~~. ~~Annual report 1976: 23~~-~~26<~~/~~ref~~>.		* '''1-8 scale''': Used in Australia, developed by Earle et al. (1977) <ref name="https://wiki.icar.org/index.php/Testing_7.7#cite_note-4"/>.
	* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref>Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.		* '''1-5 scale''': Used in the US and European countries, with variants proposed by Wildman et al. (1982)<ref>Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</ref>and Ferguson et al. (1994) <ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref>. The Ferguson et al. (1994) scale<ref>Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X </ref> with 0.25 increments is widely used by veterinarians in health assessment, as it captures the dynamics in body fat during and across lactations.
	* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.		* '''1-9 scale''': Used of conformation scoring programs to determine genetic differences among animals.


	=== Examples for BCS Systems Across Countries ===		=== Examples for BCS Systems Across Countries ===

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Examples for BCS Systems Across Countries

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	\|0.5 (15)		\|0.5 (15)
	\|Visual		\|Visual
	\|Earle et al. (1977)<ref~~>Earle, D~~.~~, Grainger, C~~.~~, & McGowan, A~~. ~~(1977)~~. ~~Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23~~-~~26.<~~/~~ref~~>		\|Earle et al. (1977)<ref name="https://wiki.icar.org/index.php/Testing_7.7#cite_note-4"/>
	\|-		\|-
	\|United States		\|United States
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	\|[[Section 05 – Conformation Recording\|ICAR confirmation classification system]]		\|[[Section 05 – Conformation Recording\|ICAR confirmation classification system]]
	\|}		\|}


	== Using Body Condition Score (BCS) ==		== Using Body Condition Score (BCS) ==

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Informative Readings

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	Domecq, J. J., Skidmore, A. L., Lloyd, J. W., & Kaneene, J. B. (1997). Relationship between body condition scores and milk yield in a large dairy herd of high yielding Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80(1): 101–112. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)75917-4</nowiki>		Domecq, J. J., Skidmore, A. L., Lloyd, J. W., & Kaneene, J. B. (1997). Relationship between body condition scores and milk yield in a large dairy herd of high yielding Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80(1): 101–112. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)75917-4</nowiki>

	~~Earle, D., Grainger, C., & McGowan, A. (1977). Scoring body condition of dairy cows. Ellinbank Dairy Research Station (Australia). Annual report 1976: 23-26.~~		Edmonson, A. J., Lean, I. J., Weaver, L. D., Farver, T., & Webster, G. (1989). A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 72(1): 68–78. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79081-0</nowiki>

	Edmonson, A. J., Lean, I. J., Weaver, L. D., Farver, T., & Webster, G. (1989). A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 72(1): 68–78. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79081-0~~</nowiki>~~

	Ferguson, J. D., Galligan, D. T., & Thomsen, N. (1994). Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77(9): 2695-2703. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X</nowiki>

	Garnsworthy, P. C. (2006). Body condition score in dairy cows: Targets for production and fertility. Recent Adv. Anim. Nutr. 40: 61–86. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.5661/recadv-06-61</nowiki>		Garnsworthy, P. C. (2006). Body condition score in dairy cows: Targets for production and fertility. Recent Adv. Anim. Nutr. 40: 61–86. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.5661/recadv-06-61</nowiki>
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	Huang, X., Hu, Z., Wang, X., Yang, X., Zhang, J., & Shi, D. (2019). An improved single shot multibox detector method applied in body condition score for dairy cows. Animals 9(7): 470. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9070470</nowiki>		Huang, X., Hu, Z., Wang, X., Yang, X., Zhang, J., & Shi, D. (2019). An improved single shot multibox detector method applied in body condition score for dairy cows. Animals 9(7): 470. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9070470</nowiki>

	~~Jefferies, B. C. 1961. Body condition scoring and its use in management. Tasmanian J. Agr. 32:19-21.~~		Snell, E. J. 1964. A scaling procedure for ordered categorical data. Biometrics 20(3):592-607. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.2307/2528498</nowiki>

	~~Lowman, B. G., Scott, N., & Somerville, S. (1973) Condition scoring of cattle. Bulletin No.6. East of Scotland College of Agriculture, Edinburgh (United Kingdom)~~

	~~Mulvany, P. M. (1977). Dairy cow condition scoring. Paper no. 4468. National Institute for Research in Dairying, Shinfield, Reading (United Kingdom).~~

	Roche, J. R., Dillon, P. G., Stockdale, C. R., Baumgard, L. H., & VanBaale, M. J. (2004). Relationships among international body condition scoring systems. J. Dairy Sci. 87(9): 3076–3079. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73441-4</nowiki>

	Roche, J. R., Lee, J. M., Macdonald, K. A., & Berry, D. P. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(8): 3802–3815. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740</nowiki>

	Snell, E. J. 1964. A scaling procedure for ordered categorical data. Biometrics 20(3):592-607. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.2307/2528498</nowiki>

	Stockdale, C. R. (2001). Body condition at calving and the performance of dairy cows in early lactation under Australian conditions: a review. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 41(6): 823-839.		Stockdale, C. R. (2001). Body condition at calving and the performance of dairy cows in early lactation under Australian conditions: a review. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 41(6): 823-839.

	Wildman, E. E., Jones, G. M., Wagner, P. E., Boman, R. L., Troutt, H. F., & Lesch, T. N. (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65(3): 495–501. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6</nowiki>

	=== Authors and contributors to guideline ===		=== Authors and contributors to guideline ===