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• 19:26, 26 February 2024 Bgolden talk contribs uploaded File:Bovfunctraits-figure1.jpg
• 18:49, 26 February 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Bovine Functional Traits: Udder Health in Dairy Cattle (Created page with " 1.5 Recording [[#recording|7]] 1.6 Prerequisites [[#prerequisites|8]] 1.7 Prerequisite information [[#prerequisite-information|8]] 1.8 Evaluation [[#evaluation|8]] 1.8.1 Example sire evaluation in the Netherlands [[#example-sire-evaluation-in-the-netherlands|8]] #example-sire-evaluation-in-sweden|1.8.2 Example sire evaluation in Sweden [...")
• 14:53, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Appendix B Alkane Feed intake technique Piacenza, Italy (Created page with "Estimation of individual feed intake is carried out utilising all cows in a group (maximum 50 cows). Cows are fed a Total Mixed Ration, fed ad libitum, with about 3-5 % refusals. Feed intake is estimated adopting the alkane technique. A fixed amount of C32 Dotriacontane dispersed in 50 g of corn meal is included in a bolus and gun dosed to dairy cows at feeding time. The first day, a double dose of the marker is dosed. After 7 days of administration of the marker, faece...") Tag: Visual edit
• 14:51, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Appendix A: Standard Operating Procedure Nottingham (Created page with "Dry Matter Determination of Feed and Faecal Samples. == Equipment required: == # Oven set at 80°C # Foil trays (ensure they are a suitable size for the sample you have) # Balance (PAT tested) # Lab coat and gloves # Heatproof safety gloves == Method: == # Zero balance. # Weigh empty foil tray and record the weight. # Add your sample to the foil tray DO NOT zero the balance before adding your sample. # Record the weight of sample + foil. # For faecal samples a single...")
• 14:48, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Acknowledgements (Created page with "This document is the result of the ICAR Feed and Gas Working Group and its industry and research liaison group. The members of the ICAR Feed and Gas Working Group at the time of publication are, in alphabetical order: * Christine Baes, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Canada and Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland * Yvette de Haas, Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen Livestock Research * Raffaella Finocch...")
• 14:38, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Feed efficiency in the breeding goal (Created page with "At first sight, the inclusion of feed intake or efficiency in the breeding goal may seem a relatively simple matter. The goal is more milk with less feed. Several factors, however, complicate the inclusion of feed intake or efficiency in a balanced breeding goal (Veerkamp et al., 2013). Life-time feed efficiency, as well as including milk performance and feed intake, must also consider longevity, reproductive performance, days dry, and body weight when slaughtered (inco...")
• 14:35, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Proxies for feed intake (Created page with "Regardless of international collaboration, recording of feed intake will always be a limiting factor for accurate breeding values.<ref>Veerkamp, R.F., Pryce, J.E., Spurlock, D., Berry, D., Coffey, M., Løvendahl, P., van der Linde, R., Bryant, J., Miglior, F., Wang, Z., Winters, M., Krattenmacher, N., Charfeddine, N., Pedersen, J., de Haas, Y. 2013. Selection on feed intake or feed efficiency: A position paper from gDMI breeding goal discussions. INTERBULL BULLETIN NO. 4...") Tag: Visual edit
• 14:21, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Merging and sharing data in genetic evaluations (Created page with "To increase the accuracy, it is important that feed intake records are collected on animals as closely related to the selection candidates as possible. A large genetic distance between historical data and current selection candidates is therefore a disadvantage. Also, the genetic connectedness between contemporary groups, through common sires, is important to separate the permanent environmental and genetic effects in the data. With many small, disconnected nutritional e...") Tag: Visual edit
• 14:16, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Genotyping and imputation (Created page with "One of the issues with combining data from research herds for genomic analysis is that different SNP chips may be used for each experiment. Fortunately, most of the commercially available SNP chips have many SNP in common, so a set of common SNPs can generally be identified. Another option is to impute genotypes from a low density to a higher one (e.g. from 50K to 777K (HD)), which may be advantageous for some (Bayesian) approaches for genomic prediction. This strategy r...") Tag: Visual edit
• 14:10, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Feeding system (Created page with "The diet fed to the cows should be balanced to meet requirements for energy, protein, minerals, and vitamins, and feeding a well-mixed TMR using silages or other wet feeds is likely to minimize sorting. If the feed is dry, such as a dry cubed feed, it can be important to measure the %DM in the refused feed separately. Common practice is that the diet is fed ad libitum, but there is little known about the effects of not doing so. The diet should be comparable to that fed...") Tag: Visual edit
• 01:40, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Lactation period (Created page with "deally feed intake should be measured across the lifetime of an animal. This is not realistic and often only short periods of recording are available. In lactating animals, it might be of particular importance to consider the period that feed intake is measured. Cows might compensate a more negative energy balance in early lactation by a higher intake during late lactation. Hence, biological feed intake might be a different trait during different parts of the lactation,...")
• 01:36, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Bulls, cows and young stock (Created page with "Recording on milking cows might be difficult, and practically it might be easier to record feed intake on young stock or bulls. Genetic correlations of these non-lactating animals with lactating animals were above 0.74 (Nieuwhof et al., 1992) indicating that more than 50% of the genetic variation among lactating animals can be observed in the non-lactating animals. In Australia and New Zealand, RFI was calculated for growing heifers. The extremes (top and bottom 10%) wer...")
• 01:33, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Additional recording (Created page with "In addition to recording feed intake, it seems obvious that cow identification and pedigree must be recorded for genetic analysis. However, nutritional experiments often use their own anonymous local identification number for cows, which makes it hard to trace the cow back to a national pedigree register. Ideally a DNA, or a hair or blood sample, should be collected from each cow to allow subsequent genotyping. Other traits that should be considered for weekly recording...")
• 01:29, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Number animals per bin (Created page with "The behaviour of the animal has influence on how they should be held. Cows are diurnal animals; they prefer to synchronise their behaviour. This has influence on how much space they need while eating. Enough space needs to be available so that natural cow behaviour is not affected. The number of animals per bin is also influenced by the amount of feed that is given to the animals. Cows can be fed a set amount of feed, which is often done on farms, or ad libitum, which i...")
• 00:43, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Chemical analysis (Created page with " In these guidelines only the determination of dry matter content is discussed. Determination of DM is a relatively simple and quick process that can be done easily . The most common way that moisture is determined is through evaporation of water from the feed, leaving only the dry contents behind. However, there are also electronic methods that have been used to determine moisture content of feeds. Dry matter can be determined using: Forced Air Oven, Koster Tester, Micr...")
• 00:36, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Calibration (Created page with "Calibration of a scale is essential to keep measurements accurate. Scales have to be calibrated regulary to make sure that problems in the scales will not have influence on your measurements. How often to calibrate is dependent on multiple factors: manufacturers recommendation, how often the scale is used, the environment the scale is in, and how detailed your observation has to be (Precision Solution Inc., 2018). When calibrating scales for feed it is important to measu...")
• 00:13, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Recording intake indoors and at pasture (Created page with "The minimal requirement for recording individual feed intake is the amount of fresh feed offered and refused per cow per day, with the associated dry matter percentage. Direct measurement of stalled cows is straightforward, but contamination of refused feed by drinking water must be prevented, and stalled cows may not behave in the same way as cows in freestalls. Also, measurement of concentrates is relatively easy, since concentrate are often dispersed in limited and fi...")
• 00:09, 21 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Setting up optimal data recording (Created page with " When starting to collect feed intake records, an important question is how to optimize the “number of gate-days per year” by “number of cows x recording period per cow”? The number of cows can be established by the theoretical prediction from Daetwyler et al. (2008). The actual accuracy obtained with cross validation when records were used within country follows this pattern closely (Figure 2). In this example, empirical accuracies were slightly higher than theo...")
• 23:51, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Feed Intake: Utilizing existing feed intake data (Created page with " Worldwide, there are relatively few designed experiments specifically suited for genetic analysis of feed intake (and related traits). Examples are, the long term experiment at the Scottish Agricultural College (now SRUC) Dairy Research Centre based at Langhill herd, Edinburgh (Pryce et al., 1999, Veerkamp, 1996), the experiment at the Dutch farm ‘t Gen (Lelystad, the Netherlands) (Veerkamp et al., 2000), the data collection at the dairy research farm Karkendamm of th...")
• 23:49, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs moved page Feed Intake: Definitions and Terminology to Feed Intake: Definitions, Terminology, and Scope without leaving a redirect
• 23:47, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs moved page FeedIntake: Definitions and Terminology to Feed Intake: Definitions and Terminology without leaving a redirect
• 23:46, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Recording Feed Intake for Genetic Evaluation (Created page with "The widespread use of genomic information in dairy cattle breeding programs has presented the opportunity to select for feed intake and feed efficiency. This is because animals from research herds can be used as a reference population to calibrate a genomic prediction equation, which is then used to predict the breeding values for selection candidates based on their own genotype. Phenotypes for feed intake, however, are still an important limiting factor for obtaining hi...")
• 23:46, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page FeedIntake: Definitions and Terminology (Created page with "Table 1 contains a list of important definitions for terms and abbreviations used in Guidelines for Recording Feed Intake for Genetic Evaluation. <center> {|class="wikitable" |+''Table 1. Definitions of Terms used in these guidelines.'' |- !| Term !| Definition |- | DM | Dry matter |- | DMI | Dry matter intake |- | EID | Electronic identification device |- | PMR | Partly...")
• 16:45, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs set the upload from Sat, 20 Jan 2024 16:45:44 GMT as the approved revision for "File:FeedIntakeFigure2.jpg"
• 16:45, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page File:FeedIntakeFigure2.jpg
• 16:45, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs uploaded File:FeedIntakeFigure2.jpg
• 16:32, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs set the upload from Sat, 20 Jan 2024 16:32:46 GMT as the approved revision for "File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg"
• 16:32, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg
• 16:32, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs uploaded File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg
• 16:32, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs unset approved revision for "File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg"
• 16:32, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs deleted page File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg
• 16:30, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs set the upload from Sat, 20 Jan 2024 16:30:40 GMT as the approved revision for "File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg"
• 16:30, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg
• 16:30, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs uploaded File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg
• 16:30, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs unset approved revision for "File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg"
• 16:30, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs deleted page File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg
• 16:26, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs set the upload from Sat, 20 Jan 2024 16:26:34 GMT as the approved revision for "File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg"
• 16:26, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg
• 16:26, 20 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs uploaded File:FeedIntakeFigure1.jpg
• 13:43, 19 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs moved page Guidelines for Testing, Approval and Checking of Measuring, Recording and Sampling Devices to Testing, Approval and Checking of Measuring, Recording and Sampling Devices
• 18:01, 18 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page General Rules: Registration of recording methods (Created page with "==Duties of member organisations operating or approving recording services== Each member organisation is obliged to inform ICAR on recording methods used. ICAR should be informed, when the methods change. The description of the methods of recording should include the following items: ==Identification and parentage== # The method of recording the date of birth/breed and the sex of the animal. # The method of recording parentage. # The method used and description of method...")
• 18:00, 18 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page General Rules: Supervision of milk recording (Created page with "==Basic rules== # ICAR Members involved in farm animal recording shall establish a system of supervision and quality control. # ICAR Members demonstrate that they have sufficient supervision by registering their supervisory practices with the ICAR Secretariat and by reporting on the checks carried out in the year. ==Rules on supervisory practices== The supervision must ascertain the following: # That all recordings are carried out using ICAR approved methods and equipmen...")
• 17:57, 18 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page General Rules: Rules on individual animal certificates (Created page with "==Basic rules== # An official certificate issued by an ICAR Member should contain all the information essential to establishing the identity and value of an animal. # An official certificate must clearly indicate the recording methods used to produce the official record. # An official certificate must contain the latest information available on the date of issue. # Where any estimated information is included in an official certificate, this must be clearly indicated. ==...")
• 17:55, 18 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page General Rules: Performance recording of milk (Created page with "The ICAR Agreement (refer to the Preamble of the ICAR Guidelines) allows organisations a degree of freedom in deciding recording practices. ICAR recording methods are: {| class="wikitable" |'''Method A'''All the recordings are undertaken by an official representative of the Recording Organisation. This includes recordings undertaken by approved on farm systems that are supervised by an official representative of the recording organisation and that cannot...")
• 17:52, 18 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page General Rules: Parentage recording methods (Created page with "==Recording of parentage information== # The identity of the animal served and the service sire must be recorded on the farm on the day of the service. # The insemination records issued by the AI Organisation (or the records kept by the DIY AI user) must include the date, the official identity and if available the name of the served animal and the identity and name of the service sire. # The recording organisation should record the service information, as soon as possibl...")
• 17:49, 18 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page General Rules: Methods of identification (Created page with "==Rules on animal identification== # The recorded animal identity should be the animal's official identity in the member country and should be unique to that animal. # Where the identity of an individual animal is not unique, the record must so state (e.g. flock or herd identities for sheep/goats). The identity number used for a flock or herd must be unique to that flock or herd. # The animal’s identity should be visible to the naked eye, or if not visible (such as an...")
• 16:54, 18 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page General Rules (Created page with "=Methods of identification= ==Rules on animal identification== # The recorded animal identity should be the animal's official identity in the member country and should be unique to that animal. # Where the identity of an individual animal is not unique, the record must so state (e.g. flock or herd identities for sheep/goats). The identity number used for a flock or herd must be unique to that flock or herd. # The animal’s identity should be visible to the naked eye, or...")
• 15:15, 16 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs created page Preamble (Created page with "=What is ICAR?= The aims of objectives of the International Committee for Animal Recording (ICAR) are described here on the ICAR website. =About the ICAR Guidelines= == Scope== The ICAR Guidelines attempt to provide the world-wide farm livestock recording sector with detailed standards and guidelines representing the state-of-the-art for the full range of activities involved in the identification, performance recording and evaluation of farm livestock. == Changes and Lim...")
• 15:36, 13 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs set 593 as the approved revision for "Beef Cattle Recording"
• 14:52, 13 January 2024 Bgolden talk contribs moved page Glossary Anchors and Links to Glossary Links and Anchors without leaving a redirect